簡介：畢業(yè)設計（論計（論文）文）英文翻譯學院院信息技術學院專業(yè)業(yè)計算機科學與技術學生姓名王佩學號0506120502題目基于WEB的網絡商品銷售系統(tǒng)指導教師張漪日期2009年2月27日MICROSOFTINTERNETINFORMATIONSERVERVERSION30/40ONWINDOWSNTSERVERMICROSOFTPEERWEBSERVICESVERSION30ONWINDOWSNTWORKSTATIONMICROSOFTPERSONALWEBSERVERONWINDOWS95/98正如前文所述，與一般的程序不同，ASP程序無須編譯，ASP程序的控制部份，是使用VBSCRIPT、JSCRIPT等腳本語言來設計的，當執(zhí)行ASP程序時，腳本程序將一整套命令發(fā)送給腳本解釋器即腳本引擎，由腳本解釋器進行翻譯并將其轉換成服務器所能執(zhí)行的命令。當然，同其他編程語言一樣，ASP程序的編寫也遵循一定的規(guī)則，如果你想使用你所喜愛的腳本語言編寫ASP程序，那么你的服務器上必須要有能解釋這種腳本語言的腳本解釋器。當你安裝ASP時，系統(tǒng)提供了兩種腳本語言VBSRCIPT和JSCRIPT，而VBSCRIPT則被作為系統(tǒng)默認的腳本語言。你也可以根據自己的喜好改變系統(tǒng)默認的腳本語言。ASP本身并不是一種腳本語言，它只是提供了一種使鑲嵌在HTML頁面中的腳本程序得以運行的環(huán)境。但是，要學好ASP又必須掌握它的語法和規(guī)則。現在就讓我們開始一步一步地認識并學習ACTIVESERVERPAGES。ASP程序其實是以擴展名為ASP的純文本形式存在于WEB服務器上的，你可以用任何文本編輯器打開它，ASP程序中可以包含純文本、HTML標記以及腳本命令。你只需將ASP程序放在WEB服務器的虛擬目錄下（該目錄必須要有可執(zhí)行權限），就可以通過WWW的方式訪問ASP程序了。要學好ASP程序的設計，必須掌握腳本的編寫，那么究竟什么是腳本呢其實腳本是由一系列的腳本命令所組成的，如同一般的程序，腳本可以將一個值賦給一個變量，可以命令WEB服務器發(fā)送一個值到客戶瀏覽器，還可以將一系列命令定義成一個過程。要編寫腳本，你必須要熟悉至少一門腳本語言，如VBSCRIPT。腳本語言是一種介乎于HTML和諸如JAVA、VISUALBASIC、C等編程語言之間的一種特殊的語言，盡管它更接近后者，但它卻不具有編程語言復雜、嚴謹的語法和規(guī)則。如前所述ASP所提供的腳本運行環(huán)境可支持多種腳本語言，譬如JSCRIPT、REXX、PERL等等，這無疑給ASP程序設計者提供了廣泛的發(fā)揮余地。ASP的出現使得廣大WEB設計者不必在為客戶瀏覽器是否支持而擔心，實際上就算你在同一個ASP文件中使用不同的腳本語言，你都無須為此擔憂，因為所有的一切都將在服務器端進行，客戶瀏覽器得到的只是一個程序執(zhí)行的結果，而你也只需在ASP中聲明使用不同的腳本語言即可。下面是一個典型的在同一ASP文件中使用兩種腳本語言的例子

簡介：本科生畢業(yè)論文（設計）文獻綜述論文題目試卷分析評價系統(tǒng)學生姓名年級（學號）二級學院信息工程學院專業(yè)計算機科學與技術指導教師職稱填表日期2004年2月18日第三階段興起階段1994年以后。隨著改革開放的深入，國外大批軟件產品涌入中國，對民族軟件產業(yè)提出了嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)，同時也帶來了前所未有的機遇。一批飽經磨礪的民族專業(yè)化軟件企業(yè)從激烈的競爭中得以生存發(fā)展，在教育、財務及商務管理、娛樂游戲等領域取得了一定的優(yōu)勢。這一階段的典型代表用友、金山、金蝶以及洪恩等。經過二十年的發(fā)展，我國的軟件產業(yè)已經初具規(guī)模，并展現了廣闊的前景。綜上所述，中國軟件產業(yè)已經走過了一個從無到有、從弱到強、從單個企業(yè)到產業(yè)群落的發(fā)展歷程。值得我們驕傲和驚喜的是，中國軟件產業(yè)已經保持了十年超過30的高速增長，更取得了舉國上下對其戰(zhàn)略地位的高度重視和一致認知，越來越多的國人已經開始認識到軟件業(yè)是信息產業(yè)的真正核心和靈魂，如果我們這個泱泱大國沒有強大的軟件技術和軟件產業(yè)做后盾，也就無法真正凝聚中國信息產業(yè)的核心競爭力針對我所選的課題試卷分析評價系統(tǒng)，市面上已有相關類似的系統(tǒng)。如試卷處理設計。它采用VISUALFOXPRO50作為作為數據庫編程語言。此系統(tǒng)的試卷數據處理包括教師批閱試題、卷面計算、成績登記上報及各種試卷分析參數的計算。其中卷面計算、成績登記上報及各種試卷分析參數的計算等工作該系統(tǒng)能自動完成。工作模式為教師在試卷批閱完成后就轉入本系統(tǒng)，進行數據輸入，其余工作由程序完成，實現試卷數據處理過程的高效、優(yōu)質、規(guī)范。從整體上看該系統(tǒng)有考試信度分析、考試效度分析考、試成績分布的正態(tài)性檢驗、試題難度和區(qū)分度等。應該說該系統(tǒng)是對我國教育工作現代化是一個比較創(chuàng)新的突破。但該系統(tǒng)卻是需要老師手動的批改試卷，因此還是有一點的不便。所以現在可以發(fā)展一種更高層次的系統(tǒng)，既可以對試卷進行計算機批閱，也能自動對試卷進行分析，以評價其質量的好壞。要開發(fā)此種系統(tǒng)開發(fā)需要軟件編程語言與數據庫技術很好的結合。程序員使用各種編程語言編寫指令開發(fā)軟件，有些是計算機可以直接理解的，有些則需要中間翻譯的步驟。計算機語言大致可以分為三大類機器語言，匯編語言，高級語言。從編程人員來看高級語言要比機器語言和匯編語言都要強大的多。它使程序員能夠編寫更像自然語言的指令，可以包含常用的數字符號和表達式。而VISUALBASIC是功能非常強大、最廣泛使用的高級語言之一。VISUALBASIC是一個基于圖形用戶界面（GUI）的程序設計語言。友好的界面使得用戶更加容易學習、使用和樂于接受此類應用。VISUALBASIC是從BASIC（BEGINNER’SALLPURPOSESYMBOLICINSTRUCTIONCODE）進化而來的。BASIC是由DARTMOUTH學院的JOHNKEMENY和THOMASKURTZ教授在20世紀60年代中期作為編寫簡單程序的語言而開發(fā)的，BASIC的主要目的是幫助人們學會如何編程。BASIC在各種類型計算機（有時稱為硬件平臺）中的廣泛應用使用使得這一語言的性能得以增強。隨著20世紀80年代后期和20世紀90年代初期MICROSOFTWINDOWS圖形用戶界面（GUI）的開發(fā)，BASIC自然進化成VISUALBASIC，它是由MICROSOFT公司于1991年創(chuàng)建的。在VISUALBASIC出現以前，開發(fā)基于MICROSOFTWINDOWS的應用程序是相當困難和繁重的工作。VISUALBASIC極大地簡化了WINDOWS應用程序的開發(fā)，自從1991年以來已經發(fā)布了6個版本，最近的版本（VISUALBASIC6）出現在1998年。VISUALBASIC60中文版有如下優(yōu)點●完全中文化的環(huán)境使用戶更容易操作。在幾分鐘內，就能熟悉VISUALBASIC60的開

簡介：EXTREMEASPNET11WEBDEPLOYMENTPROJECTSWHENASPWASFIRSTRELEASED,WEBPROGRAMMINGWASMOREDIFFICULTBECAUSEYOUNEEDEDIISTOSERVEYOURASPPAGESLATER,ASPNET20ANDVISUALSTUDIO?2005MADEEVERYTHINGEASIERBYINTRODUCINGTHEWEBSITEMODELOFDEVELOPMENTINSTEADOFCREATINGANEWPROJECTINSIDEVISUALSTUDIO,THEWEBSITEMODELLETSYOUPOINTTOADIRECTORYANDSTARTWRITINGPAGESANDCODEFURTHERMORE,YOUCANQUICKLYTESTYOURSITEWITHTHEBUILTINASPNETDEVELOPMENTSERVER,WHICHHOSTSASPNETINALOCALPROCESSANDOBVIATESTHENEEDTOINSTALLIISTOBEGINDEVELOPINGTHEBEAUTYOFTHEWEBSITEMODELISTHATYOUCANDEVELOPYOURWEBAPPLICATIONWITHOUTTHINKINGABOUTPACKAGINGANDDEPLOYMENTNEEDANOTHERCLASSADDACSFILETOTHEAPP_CODEDIRECTORYANDSTARTWRITINGWANTTOSTORELOCALIZABLESTRINGSINARESOURCEFILEADDARESXFILETOTHEAPP_GLOBALRESOURCESDIRECTORYANDTYPEINTHESTRINGSEVERYTHINGJUSTWORKSYOUDONTHAVETOTHINKABOUTTHECOMPILATIONANDDEPLOYMENTASPECTATALLWHENYOUAREREADYTODEPLOY,YOUHAVESEVERALOPTIONSTHESIMPLESTCHOICEISTOCOPYYOURFILESTOALIVESERVERANDLETEVERYTHINGBECOMPILEDONDEMANDASITWASINYOURTESTENVIRONMENTTHESECONDOPTIONISTOUSETHEASPNET_COMPILEREXEUTILITYANDPRECOMPILETHEAPPLICATIONINTOABINARYRELEASE,WHICHLEAVESYOUNOTHINGBUTACOLLECTIONOFASSEMBLIES,STATICCONTENT,ANDCONFIGURATIONFILESTOPUSHTOTHESERVERTHETHIRDOPTIONISTOAGAINUSEASPNET_COMPILEREXE,BUTTOCREATEANUPDATEABLEBINARYDEPLOYMENTWHEREYOURASXFILESREMAININTACTANDMODIFIABLEANDALLOFYOURCODEFILESARECOMPILEDINTOBINARYASSEMBLIESTHISSEEMSTOCOVEREVERYPOSSIBLESCENARIO,LEAVINGTHEDEVELOPERTOFOCUSSIMPLYONWRITINGTHEWEBAPPLICATION,WITHPACKAGINGANDDEPLOYMENTDECISIONSTOBEMADELATERWHENTHEAPPLICATIONISACTUALLYDEPLOYEDTHEREWASAFAIRAMOUNTOFBACKLASHAGAINSTTHISMODEL,HOWEVER,ESPECIALLYFROMDEVELOPERSWHOWEREUSEDTOTHEIRWEBPROJECTSBEINGREALPROJECTS,SPECIFIEDINREALPROJECTFILES,THATLETYOUINJECTPREANDPOSTBUILDFUNCTIONS,EXCLUDEFILESFROMTHEBUILDPROCESS,MOVEBETWEENDEBUGANDRELEASEBUILDSWITHACOMMANDLINESWITCH,ANDSOONINRESPONSE,MICROSOFTQUICKLYINTRODUCEDTHEWEBAPPLICATIONPROJECTORWAP,INITIALLYRELEASEDASANADDINTOVISUALSTUDIO2005,ANDNOWINCLUDEDINVISUALSTUDIO2005SERVICEAVAILABLEFORDOWNLOADFROMMSDNMICROSOFTCOM/VSTUDIO/SUPPORT/VS2005SP1WAPPROVIDESANALTERNATIVETOTHEWEBSITEMODELTHATISMUCHCLOSERTOTHEVISUALSTUDIONET2005WEBPROJECTMODELTHENEWWAPMODELCOMPILESALLOFTHESOURCECODEFILESDURINGTHEBUILDPROCESSANDGENERATESASINGLEASSEMBLYINTHELOCAL/BINDIRECTORYFORDEPLOYMENTWAPALSOMAKESITMUCHEASIERTOINCREMENTALLYADOPTTHENEWPARTIALCLASSTHATCONTAINENDPOINTTOTYPEMAPPINGANDFILEDEPENDENCYINFORMATIONINASIMPLEXMLFORMAT,ANDTHESEFILESMUSTBEPUBLISHEDALONGWITHTHEBINARYASSEMBLIESINTHE/BINDIRECTORYOFTHEDEPLOYEDSITEASANEXAMPLE,IFYOUDIDHAVEAPAGENAMEDPAGE1ASPXINYOURAPPLICATION,THEASPNET_COMPILEREXEUTILITYWOULDGENERATEAFILENAMEDPAGE1ASPXCDCAB7D2COMPILEDWITHTHEHASHCODEVARYINGTHATCONTAINEDTHEFOLLOWINGXMLTHEOTHERMAJORDECISIONYOUHAVETOMAKEWHENPUBLISHINGAWEBSITEWITHTHISUTILITYISTHEGRANULARITYOFTHEPACKAGINGOFTHEGENERATEDASSEMBLIESYOUCANEITHERCREATEASEPARATEASSEMBLYFOREACHDIRECTORYINYOURSITEORCREATEASEPARATEASSEMBLYFOREACHCOMPILABLEFILEINYOURSITEASPX,ASCX,ASAX,ANDSOONBYCHECKINGTHEUSEFIXEDNAMINGANDSINGLEPAGEASSEMBLIESORFIXEDNAMESINTHEASPNET_COMPILEREXECOMMANDLINEUTILITYTHISDECISIONISNOTASOBVIOUSASYOUMIGHTTHINK,ASEACHOPTIONHASITSOWNPOTENTIALISSUESIFYOUELECTTONOTUSETHEFIXEDNAMESOPTION,THENEVERYTIMEYOUPUBLISHYOURAPPLICATIONACOMPLETELYNEWSETOFASSEMBLIESWILLBEGENERATED,WITHCOMPLETELYDIFFERENTNAMESFROMTHEONESPUBLISHEDEARLIERTHISMEANSTHATDEPLOYMENTISTRICKIERBECAUSEYOUMUSTTAKECARETODELETEALLOFTHEPREVIOUSLYPUBLISHEDASSEMBLIESONTHELIVESERVERBEFOREDEPLOYINGTHENEWASSEMBLIESORYOULLGENERATEREDUNDANTCLASSDEFINITIONERRORSONTHENEXTREQUESTUSINGTHEFIXEDNAMESOPTIONWILLRESOLVETHISPROBLEMASEACHFILEWILLCORRESPONDTOADISTINCTLYNAMEDASSEMBLYTHATWILLNOTCHANGEFROMONECOMPILATIONTOTHENEXTIFYOUHAVEALARGESITE,HOWEVER,GENERATINGASEPARATEASSEMBLYFOREACHPAGE,CONTROL,ANDMASTERPAGECANEASILYMEANMANAGINGTHEPUBLICATIONOFHUNDREDSOFASSEMBLIESITISTHISPROBLEMOFASSEMBLYGRANULARITYINDEPLOYMENTTHATWEBDEPLOYMENTPROJECTSSOLVEINAMUCHMORESATISFYINGWAY,ASYOUWILLSEEYOUCANALSOINTRODUCEASSEMBLYSIGNINGINTOTHECOMPILATIONPROCESSTOCREATESTRONGNAMED,VERSIONEDASSEMBLIES,SUITABLEFORDEPLOYMENTINTHEGLOBALASSEMBLYCACHEGACIF

簡介：中文6470字出處SDRFORUMTECHNICALCONFERENCE20041518GAMEMODELSFORCOGNITIVERADIOALGORITHMANALYSIS認知無線電算法分析的博弈模型外文翻譯認知無線電算法分析的博弈模型外文翻譯2本節(jié)簡要回顧認知無線電，博弈論和基于博弈論的認知無線電的應用方面的內容。21認知無線電認知無線電具有對自己的能力、外界環(huán)境、計劃的策略的自適應性，并能夠認知得到新的波形，新的模型，新的決策方案。對認知無線電的操作的設想，常用圖1所示的認知循環(huán)表示。在認知循環(huán)中，無線電通過直接觀察或通過信令接收有關其操作環(huán)境（外界）的信息。然后評估此信息（定位），以確定其重要性?；诖嗽u估，無線電決定了它的備用方案（計劃），并選擇替代的方案（決策），預測提高估值。假設一個波形的變化是很必要的，而后無線電通過調整其資源和執(zhí)行適當的信令實施備用策略（執(zhí)行）。這些變化反映了外界的認知無線電干擾輪廓。整個過程中，無線電使用這些觀察和決策，以提高對無線電的操作（學習），通過建立新的模型狀態(tài)，產生新的備用策略，或創(chuàng)建新的估值。在很大程度上，認知無線電和自適應無線電之間的主要區(qū)別是認知無線電的學習能力。圖1認知循環(huán)然而認知無線電的實現需要大量的研究，本文特別關注的是在外部環(huán)境下決策的相互作用。每當一個認知無線電輕易改變其干擾輪廓時，網絡中其他的認知無線電也可能會改變它們的干擾。這種互動式的決策問題是博弈論需要處理的問題。新狀態(tài)學習判決原始狀態(tài)外部環(huán)境執(zhí)行制定計劃觀察環(huán)境自身定位

簡介：1外文原文UNDERSTANDINGWEBLOGICSERVERCLUSTERINGTHISSECTIONISABRIEFINTRODUCTIONTOWEBLOGICSERVERCLUSTERSITCONTAINSTHEFOLLOWINGINFORMATION?“WHATISAWEBLOGICSERVERCLUSTER”O(jiān)NPAGE21?“HOWDOESACLUSTERRELATETOADOMAIN”O(jiān)NPAGE22?“WHATARETHEBENEFITSOFCLUSTERING”O(jiān)NPAGE23?“WHATARETHEKEYCAPABILITIESOFACLUSTER”O(jiān)NPAGE23?“WHATTYPESOFOBJECTSCANBECLUSTERED”O(jiān)NPAGE25?“WHATTYPESOFOBJECTSCANNOTBECLUSTERED”O(jiān)NPAGE28WHATISAWEBLOGICSERVERCLUSTERAWEBLOGICSERVERCLUSTERCONSISTSOFMULTIPLEWEBLOGICSERVERSERVERINSTANCESRUNNINGSIMULTANEOUSLYANDWORKINGTOGETHERTOPROVIDEINCREASEDSCALABILITYANDRELIABILITYACLUSTERAPPEARSTOCLIENTSTOBEASINGLEWEBLOGICSERVERINSTANCETHESERVERINSTANCESTHATCONSTITUTEACLUSTERCANRUNONTHESAMEMACHINE,ORBELOCATEDONDIFFERENTMACHINESYOUCANINCREASEACLUSTER’SCAPACITYBYADDINGADDITIONALSERVERINSTANCESTOTHECLUSTERONANEXISTINGMACHINE,ORYOUCANADDMACHINESTOTHECLUSTERTOHOSTTHEINCREMENTALSERVERINSTANCESEACHSERVERINSTANCEINACLUSTERMUSTRUNTHESAMEVERSIONOFWEBLOGICSERVERHOWDOESACLUSTERRELATETOADOMAINACLUSTERISPARTOFAPARTICULARWEBLOGICSERVERDOMAINADOMAINISANINTERRELATEDSETOFWEBLOGICSERVERRESOURCESTHATAREMANAGEDASAUNITADOMAININCLUDESONEORMOREWEBLOGICSERVERINSTANCES,WHICHCANBECLUSTERED,NONCLUSTERED,ORACOMBINATIONOFCLUSTEREDANDNONCLUSTEREDINSTANCESADOMAINCANINCLUDEMULTIPLECLUSTERSADOMAINALSOCONTAINSTHEAPPLICATIONCOMPONENTSDEPLOYEDINTHEDOMAIN,ANDTHERESOURCESANDSERVICESREQUIREDBYTHOSEAPPLICATIONCOMPONENTSANDTHESERVERINSTANCESINTHEDOMAINEXAMPLESOFTHERESOURCESANDSERVICESUSEDBYAPPLICATIONSANDSERVERINSTANCESINCLUDEMACHINEDEFINITIONS,OPTIONALNETWORKCHANNELS,CONNECTORS,ANDSTARTUPCLASSESYOUCANUSEAVARIETYOFCRITERIAFORORGANIZINGWEBLOGICSERVERINSTANCESINTODOMAINSFORINSTANCE,YOUMIGHTCHOOSETOALLOCATERESOURCESTOMULTIPLEDOMAINSBASEDONLOGICALDIVISIONSOFTHEHOSTEDAPPLICATION,GEOGRAPHICALCONSIDERATIONS,ORTHENUMBERORCOMPLEXITYOFTHERESOURCESUNDERMANAGEMENTFORADDITIONALINFORMATIONABOUTDOMAINSSEE3HELPPROGRAMMERSANDADMINISTRATORSMAXIMIZETHESCALABILITYANDAVAILABILITYOFTHEIRAPPLICATIONSWHATARETHEKEYCAPABILITIESOFACLUSTERTHISSECTIONDEFINES,INNONTECHNICALTERMS,THEKEYCLUSTERINGCAPABILITIESTHATENABLESCALABILITYANDHIGHAVAILABILITY?APPLICATIONFAILOVERSIMPLYPUT,FAILOVERMEANSTHATWHENANAPPLICATIONCOMPONENTTYPICALLYREFERREDTOASAN“OBJECT”INTHEFOLLOWINGSECTIONSDOINGAPARTICULAR“JOB”SOMESETOFPROCESSINGTASKSBECOMESUNAVAILABLEFORANYREASON,ACOPYOFTHEFAILEDOBJECTFINISHESTHEJOBFORTHENEWOBJECTTOBEABLETOTAKEOVERFORTHEFAILEDOBJECT–THEREMUSTBEACOPYOFTHEFAILEDOBJECTAVAILABLETOTAKEOVERTHEJOB–THEREMUSTBEINFORMATION,AVAILABLETOOTHEROBJECTSANDTHEPROGRAMTHATMANAGESFAILOVER,DEFININGTHELOCATIONANDOPERATIONALSTATUSOFALLOBJECTSSOTHATITCANBEDETERMINEDTHATTHEFIRSTOBJECTFAILEDBEFOREFINISHINGITSJOB–THEREMUSTBEINFORMATION,AVAILABLETOOTHEROBJECTSANDTHEPROGRAMTHATMANAGESFAILOVER,ABOUTTHEPROGRESSOFJOBSINPROCESSSOTHATANOBJECTTAKINGOVERANINTERRUPTEDJOBKNOWSHOWMUCHOFTHEJOBWASCOMPLETEDBEFORETHEFIRSTOBJECTFAILED,FOREXAMPLE,WHATDATAHASBEENCHANGED,ANDWHATSTEPSINTHEPROCESSWERECOMPLETEDWEBLOGICSERVERUSESSTANDARDSBASEDCOMMUNICATIONTECHNIQUESANDFACILITIESINCLUDINGIPSOCKETSANDTHEJAVANAMINGANDDIRECTORYINTERFACEJNDITOSHAREANDMAINTAININFORMATIONABOUTTHEAVAILABILITYOFOBJECTSINACLUSTERTHESETECHNIQUESALLOWWEBLOGICSERVERTODETERMINETHATANOBJECTSTOPPEDBEFOREFINISHINGITSJOB,ANDWHERETHEREISACOPYOFTHEOBJECTTOCOMPLETETHEJOBTHATWASINTERRUPTEDNOTEFORBACKWARDCOMPATIBILITYWITHPREVIOUSVERSIONS,WEBLOGICSERVERALSOALLOWSYOUTOUSEMULTICASTFORCOMMUNICATIONSBETWEENCLUSTERSINFORMATIONABOUTWHATHASBEENDONEONAJOBISCALLEDSTATEWEBLOGICSERVERMAINTAINSINFORMATIONABOUTSTATEUSINGTECHNIQUESCALLEDSESSIONREPLICATIONANDREPLICAAWARESTUBSWHENAPARTICULAROBJECTUNEXPECTEDLYSTOPSDOINGITSJOB,REPLICATIONTECHNIQUESENABLEACOPYOFTHEOBJECTPICKUPWHERETHEFAILEDOBJECTSTOPPED,ANDFINISHTHEJOB?WEBLOGICSERVERSUPPORTSAUTOMATICANDMANUALMIGRATIONOFACLUSTEREDSERVERINSTANCEFROMONEMACHINETOANOTHERAMANAGEDSERVERTHATCANBEMIGRATEDISREFERREDTOASAMIGRATABLESERVERTHISFEATUREISDESIGNEDFORENVIRONMENTSWITHREQUIREMENTSFORHIGHAVAILABILITYTHESERVERMIGRATIONCAPABILITYISUSEFULFOR

簡介：外文文獻閱讀與翻譯英文原文ASPTECHNOLOGYINTHEUSEOFECOMMERCEBASEDONASPTECHNOLOGYINECOMMERCEAPPLICATIONOFTHEPRELIMINARYSTUDY,INCONNECTIONWITHREALITY,GIVENTHEASPPAGESINTHEDESIGNOFSOMEOFTHEKEYTECHNOLOGIESANDMETHODSTODAY,INFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYANDNETWORKTECHNOLOGYISTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTANDWIDEAPPLICATIONOFTHESETECHNOLOGIESONBUSINESSAPPLICATIONSHAVEAMOREPROFOUNDIMPACT,ISALSOCHANGINGPEOPLESWORKANDLIVING,LEARNINGANDMODESOFCOMMUNICATION,ECOMMERCEAPPLICATIONSOFHEALTH,THROUGHTHEELECTRONICBUSINESSFORMOREUSEFULINFORMATIONANDNECESSARYCOMMODITIESAREGENERALLYCONCERNEDABOUTTHEISSUE,THEPAPERONTHISPRELIMINARYSTUDY1ASPTECHNICALOVERVIEWASPFULLNAMEOFACTIVESERVERPAGESDYNAMICPAGESISAMICROSOFTINTRODUCEDTOREPLACETHECGICOMMONGATEWAYINTERFACECOMMONGATEWAYINTERFACEOFTHENEWTECHNOLOGYATPRESENT,INTERNETONMANYWINDOWSBASEDPLATFORMFORMOSTOFTHEWEBSITEOFASPTECHNOLOGYTODEVELOPASPISASERVERSIDESCRIPTINTHEOPERATINGENVIRONMENT,THEADOPTIONOFTHEENVIRONMENT,USERSCANCREATEANDRUNDYNAMIC,INTERACTIVEWEBSERVERAPPLICATIONS,GREATLYFACILITATETHEMANAGERSANDVIEWERSUNDERNORMALCIRCUMSTANCES,THEUSERTHROUGHTHEWEBBROWSERTHATMOSTOFASTATICSTATICTHECONTENTOFTHEINTERNETBROWSERWHENTHEHTTPPROTOCOLTOTHESITESERVERREQUESTSFORHOMECONTENTS,SITESERVERRECEIPTOFTHEREQUEST,AFTERTHEORIGINALTRANSMISSIONHASBEENDESIGNEDSTATICHTMLDOCUMENTSANDDATAFORTHEBROWSER,USERSSEETHESTAFFTHROUGHTHESERVERFORGOODCONTENTHOMEA“STATIC“SITE,HOMETOUPDATETHECONTENTSOFTHESITEMUSTBEINTHESERVERSIDEMANAGEMENTTOUPDATEITSMANUALWITHTHEHTMLDOCUMENTDATA,REALTIMEWORSEWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFWEBAPPLICATIONS,THEUSERWOULDLIKETOSEEONREQUESTANDDYNAMICALLYGENERATEDHOME,FOREXAMPLE,RESPONDTOTHEREQUIREMENTSOFUSERSQUERYTHEDATABASETOGENERATESTATEMENTSINSUCHCIRCUMSTANCES,WHENUSERSFILLINTHEBROWSERONTHEDATASUBMITTEDINTHEFORMOFCONTENT,TOPROVIDEANHTTPREQUEST,THESITERECEIVEDDIRECTLYTOEXPLAINOPERATION3THEUSEOFADODBCOMPONENTSEASYACCESSTOTHEDATABASE4OBJECTORIENTEDPROGRAMMING,WHICHCANBEEXPANDEDACTIVEXSERVERCOMPONENTFUNCTIONS,INTHEORY,CANACHIEVEANYFUNCTION5DOESNOTEXISTBROWSERCOMPATIBILITYPROBLEMS,ASPISINTHEPROCESSOFSERVERSIDERUN6CANBEHIDDENCODE,THEPROTECTIONOFLABORRESULTS2．ECOMMERCEDATAACCESSINECOMMERCESYSTEMS,WEBPROVIDESCUSTOMERSWITHANEFFECTIVEMEANSOFCOMMUNICATION,THEUSEOFWEBTECHNOLOGY,ANDWEBSERVERSANDDATABASESYSTEMCONNECTEDTOCOMPLETETHEPROCESSINGOFTHEDATAQUERY,THEUSERCANOPERATEEASYTOLEARNTHROUGHTHEBROWSERTOQUERYADDRESSTHENEEDSOFVARIOUSDATAASPISAREALIZATIONOFWEBSERVERANDDATABASECONNECTIVITYMIDDLEWARETECHNOLOGY,BUTONTHEWINDOWSPLATFORMITISRELATIVELYGATEWAYANDSERVERMODELHASALARGEREXPANSIONOFTHEMERITSGATEWAYISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTFEATUREOFITSPLATFORMINDEPENDENT,BUTGATEWAYARENORMALLYDIFFICULTTOPREPAREANDCHANGEGATEWAYPROCESSUSUALLYISANINDEPENDENTPROCESS,ANDNOTHTMLDOCUMENTTOGETHER,ITNEEDSSUCHASC,C,VB,ANDOTHERLANGUAGESTOWRITEASTANDALONEAPPLICATION,ANDASPAPPLICATIONSTOCHANGETHISASPCANBEUSEDNOTONLYTOREADTHEACCESSANDSQLSERVERDATABASE,BUTALSOCANREADOTHERODBCOPENDATABASECONNECTOPENINTERNETDATABASECOMPLIANTDATABASEINASPACCESSTHEDATABASETHROUGHTHEADOACTIVEXDATABASEOBJECTACTIVITYDATAOBJECTANDTRANSACTIONPROCESSINGTOACHIEVETHESTATEMENTADOISAMICROSOFTOPERATINGSUPPORTEDBYTHEDATABASEAPPROACHISASCALABLEANDEASYTOUSEDATABASEACCESSWILLBEADDEDTOTHEWEBPAGEOFTHETECHNOLOGYADOOBJECTSANDTHEUSEOFDAODATAACCESSOBJECT,RDOLONGDISTANCEDATAOBJECTSIMILARTOTHEWAYINASP,ADOCANBESEENASASERVERCOMPONENT,MORESIMPLE,ISASERIESOFTARGETS,THEAPPLICATIONOFTHESEPOWERFULOBJECTS,YOUCANEASILYCOMPLETETHECOMPLEXOPERATIONOFTHEDATABASE,TOACHIEVETHEPURPOSEOFACCESSTODATA3ASPINTHEAPPLICATIONOFECOMMERCEINECOMMERCE,TOUSERS,ONLINEINFORMATIONFORTHEPURPOSEOFTHESEARCHFORTHENEEDSOFTHEIRPRODUCTSORSERVICES,ANDFORGOODSORSERVICESPROVIDER,ITSOBJECTIVEISTOSELLTHEIRCUSTOMERSTHEPRODUCTSORSERVICESTHEREFORE,THROUGHTHEBROWSERALLOWSUSERSTOQUERYTHESERVERBACKENDDATABASEISTHATMANYWEBSERVICEPROVIDERSMUSTHAVE

簡介：中文中文3840字本科畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯院（系）院（系）能源能源專業(yè)業(yè)資源勘查工程資源勘查工程姓名名學號號外文出處外文出處BEIJINGPERGAMONPRESS附件件1外文資料翻譯譯文；2外文原文。完成日期完成日期2010年06月03日用外文寫區(qū)為標志，分別由羌塘凹陷北部，集中上升區(qū)和羌塘凹陷南部組成。勝利河長舌山的油頁巖帶位于中國青藏高原北部的羌塘凹陷南部，包含了勝利河油頁巖和長舌山油頁巖。這個油頁巖帶延展東西方向50公里到南北方向30公里。勝利河長舌山油頁巖帶探明的儲量超過10億噸，應該是全中國最大的油頁巖基地。晚期侏羅紀到早期白堊紀的海相油頁巖廣泛分布在勝利河長舌山區(qū)域，包括勝利河地層，雪山地層和白龍冰河地層。勝利河底層是羌塘地區(qū)油頁巖存在的主要地層，它的特征是油頁巖，泥灰?guī)r和石膏鹽穿插在泥質石灰?guī)r和殼灰?guī)r。雪山地層主要由砂巖和少量泥巖組成，而白龍冰河地層主要由泥灰?guī)r，泥巖，砂灰?guī)r和頁巖組成。3樣品和研究方法研究所位于長舌山上，勝利河長舌山油頁巖帶的北部。在這個區(qū)域中總共采集了有18件樣品。其中有十三件樣品是以平局垂直距離為30厘米為間隔來采集的，其他五件樣品是從泥灰?guī)r地層中采集來的。所有的樣本都收集在塑料袋中，以盡可能的減少污染和氧化。為做地球化學分析的樣本都被碾碎成粉末狀。在成都地質礦產研究中，利用ZSX100E的光譜儀X射線熒光反應采集元素數據。分析的過程和KIMURA1998類似。研究誤差通常都小于5。稀土元素含量由中國科學院廣州地球化學研究所電感耦合珀金埃爾默SCIEX公司義隆6000等離子體質譜（ICPMS法）確定，這個方法沿襲了LI,1997和QIETAL,2007這個研究方法的精確度通常在5以內?；曳?，頁巖油和硫磺總量由黑龍江省煤田地質局檢測，依據中國標準方法GB/T2122001,SH/T05081992和GB/T2141996。另外，有機硫和總有機碳（TOC）的測定在勘探開發(fā)研究院石油西南油氣田公司地質實驗室，按GB/T2152003標準和GB/T191452003標準測定。4結論和討論41油頁巖特征13個油頁巖的長社山區(qū)樣品的有機碳含量不同從702％到1632％，而泥晶

簡介：字數英文字數英文16141614單詞，單詞，88068806字符；中文字符；中文27792779漢字漢字出處出處SATHYASEELANSATHYASEELANB,B,CORDOVACORDOVARSSACOMPARATIVECOMPARATIVESTUDYSTUDYOFOFTOPTOPWEBWEBDESIGNDESIGNMODELSMODELSTHATTHATAREAREUSINGUSINGJAVAJAVATECHNOLOGIESJINTERNATIONALTECHNOLOGIESJINTERNATIONALJOURNALJOURNALOFOFINNOVATIONSINNOVATIONSANDANDADVANCEMENTADVANCEMENTININCOMPUTERCOMPUTERSCIENCE2016,554144SCIENCE2016,554144外文文獻外文文獻ACOMPARATIVESTUDYOFTOPWEBDESIGNMODELSTHATAREUSINGJAVATECHNOLOGIESABSTRACTINTODAYSPROFESSIONALWORKPLACE,ENTERPRISEAPPLICATIONSARECOMPLEX,ADAPTABLE,DISTRIBUTED,PARTBASED,ANDMISSIONCRITICALTHEYMIGHTBECONVEYEDASANASSORTMENTOFPLATFORMSACROSSCORPORATESYSTEMS,INTRANETS,ORTHEINTERNETTHEYAREINFORMATIONDRIVEN,EASYTOUSE,ANDSHOULDMEETSTRINGENTPREREQUISITESFORSECURITY,ORGANIZATION,ANDSUPPORTTOPUTITPLAINLY,THEYAREHIGHLYCOMPLEXSYSTEMSVARIOUSENTERPRISEAPPLICATIONSHAVEBEENINTHEMARKETTODAYANDTHEREARENUMEROUSMETHODSAVAILABLEFORDEVELOPINGENTERPRISEAPPLICATIONSTHISPAPERDISCUSSESTHEMAJORDIFFERENCESBETWEENTWOCOMPETINGDESIGNMODELSFORDEVELOPINGWEBAPPLICATIONSUSINGJAVATECHNOLOGIESWHICHARESTRUTSANDJAVASERVERFACESJSFSTRUTSISANOPENSOURCEJAVAFRAMEWORKANDISANACTIONBASEDFRAMEWORKONTHEOTHERHAND,JSFISANEWTECHNOLOGYTHATSUPPORTSREADYTOUSECOMPONENTSFORRAPIDWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTTHESETWOTECHNOLOGIESWILLBEANALYZEDDEPENDINGONTHEFACTORSSUCHASTHECONTROLLERFLEXIBILITYOREVENTHANDLING,NAVIGATION,PAGEDEVELOPMENT,INTEGRATIONANDEXTENSIBILITYKEYWORDSWEBDESIGNMODELS,STRUTS,JAVASERVERFACESANDJAVATECHNOLOGIESIINTRODUCTIONPARTICULARRESOURCETHISREQUESTISFORWARDEDTOTHESERVERTHROUGHACONTROLLERASERVLETGOESABOUTASACONTROLLER,ACCEPTINGALLREQUESTSFROMTHECUSTOMERTHESERVLETHANDSOFFTHEREQUESTTOADIFFERENTBUSINESSLAYERFORHANDLINGWHENPROCESSINGISFINISHED,THESERVLETADVANCESORDIVERTSTHEREQUESTTOAJSP,WHICHISEXCLUSIVELYINCHARGEOFCREATINGTHEFOLLOWINGVIEWFORTHECLIENTTHEREISNOBUSINESSLOGICWITHINTHEJSPFIGURE2JSFREQUESTRESPONSESCENARIOINFIGURE2,THESERVERHANDLESREQUESTSFROMTHECLIENT,STARTINGFROMANINITIALREQUESTTOAPOSTBACKREQUESTWHENACLIENTMAKESANUNDERLYINGREQUESTFORAPAGE,ITISASKINGFORTHEPAGEFORTHEFIRSTTIMEWHENACLIENTEXECUTESAPOSTBACK,ITPRESENTSTHESTRUCTURECONTAINEDONAPAGETHATWASBEFOREHANDSTACKEDINTOTHEPROGRAMASARESULTOFEXECUTINGANUNDERLYINGREQUESTWHENTHELIFECYCLEHANDLESANUNDERLYINGREQUEST,ITJUSTEXECUTESTHERESTOREVIEWANDRENDERSRESPONSEPHASESINLIGHTOFTHEFACTTHATTHEREISNOCLIENTINFORMATIONORACTIVITIESTOPREPARETHENAGAIN,WHENTHELIFECYCLEHANDLESAPOSTBACK,ITEXECUTESTHEMAJORITYOFTHEPHASES

簡介：1附件1外文資料翻譯譯文ASPNETASPNET概述概述ASPNET是一個統(tǒng)一的WEB開發(fā)模型，它包括您使用盡可能少的代碼生成企業(yè)級WEB應用程序所必需的各種服務。ASPNET作為NETFRAMEWORK的一部分提供。當您編寫ASPNET應用程序的代碼時，可以訪問NETFRAMEWORK中的類。您可以使用與公共語言運行庫CLR兼容的任何語言來編寫應用程序的代碼，這些語言包括MICROSOFTVISUALBASIC、C、JSCRIPTNET和J。使用這些語言，可以開發(fā)利用公共語言運行庫、類型安全、繼承等方面的優(yōu)點的ASPNET應用程序。ASPNET包括?頁和控件框架?ASPNET編譯器?安全基礎結構?狀態(tài)管理功能?應用程序配置?運行狀況監(jiān)視和性能功能?調試支持?XMLWEBSERVICES框架?可擴展的宿主環(huán)境和應用程序生命周期管理?可擴展的設計器環(huán)境ASPNET頁和控件框架是一種編程框架，它在WEB服務器上運行，可以動態(tài)地生成和呈現ASPNET網頁。可以從任何瀏覽器或客戶端設備請求ASPNET網頁，ASPNET會向請求瀏覽器呈現標記（例如HTML）。通常，您可以對多個瀏覽器使用相同的頁，因為ASPNET會為發(fā)出請求的瀏覽器呈現適當的標記。但是，您可以針對諸如MICROSOFTINTERNETEXPLORER6的特定瀏覽器設計3庫使用ASPNETFORMS身份驗證和ASPNET成員資格來管理身份驗證。此外，可以使用WINDOWS組或您自己的自定義角色數據庫（使用ASPNET角色）來管理WEB應用程序的功能和信息方面的授權。您可以根據應用程序的需要方便地移除、添加或替換這些方案。ASPNET始終使用特定的WINDOWS標識運行，因此，您可以通過使用WINDOWS功能（例如NTFS訪問控制列表ACL、數據庫權限等等）來保護應用程序的安全。ASPNET提供了內部狀態(tài)管理功能，它使您能夠存儲頁請求期間的信息，例如客戶信息或購物車的內容。您可以保存和管理應用程序特定、會話特定、頁特定、用戶特定和開發(fā)人員定義的信息。此信息可以獨立于頁上的任何控件。ASPNET提供了分布式狀態(tài)功能，使您能夠管理一臺計算機或數臺計算機上同一應用程序的多個實例的狀態(tài)信息。通過ASPNET應用程序使用的配置系統(tǒng)，可以定義WEB服務器、網站或單個應用程序的配置設置。您可以在部署ASPNET應用程序時定義配置設置，并且可以隨時添加或修訂配置設置，且對運行的WEB應用程序和服務器具有最小的影響。ASPNET配置設置存儲在基于XML的文件中。由于這些XML文件是ASCII文本文件，因此對WEB應用程序進行配置更改比較簡單。您可以擴展配置方案，使其符合自己的要求。ASPNET包括可監(jiān)視ASPNET應用程序的運行狀況和性能的功能。使用ASPNET運行狀況監(jiān)視可以報告關鍵事件，這些關鍵事件提供有關應用程序的運行狀況和錯誤情況的信息。這些事件顯示診斷和監(jiān)視特征的組合，并在記錄哪些事件以及如何記錄事件等方面提供了高度的靈活性。ASPNET支持兩組可供應用程序訪問的性能計數器?ASPNET系統(tǒng)性能計數器組?ASPNET應用程序性能計數器組

簡介：1外文原文DATABASECONFIGURATIONSQLITEDOESN’THAVEACONFIGURATIONFILERATHER,ALLOFITSCONFIGURATIONPARAMETERSAREIMPLEMENTEDUSINGPRAGMASPRAGMASWORKINDIFFERENTWAYSSOMEARELIKEVARIABLESOTHERSARELIKECOMMANDSTHEYCOVERMANYASPECTSOFTHEDATABASE,SUCHASRUNTIMEINFORMATION,DATABASESCHEMA,VERSIONING,FILEFORMAT,MEMORYUSE,ANDDEBUGGINGSOMEPRAGMASAREREADANDSETLIKEVARIABLES,WHILEOTHERSREQUIREARGUMENTSANDARECALLEDLIKEFUNCTIONSMANYPRAGMASHAVEBOTHTEMPORARYANDPERMANENTFORMSTEMPORARYFORMSAFFECTONLYTHECURRENTSESSIONFORTHEDURATIONOFITSLIFETIMETHEPERMANENTFORMSARESTOREDINTHEDATABASEANDAFFECTEVERYSESSIONTHECACHESIZEISONESUCHEXAMPLETHISSECTIONCOVERSTHEMOSTCOMMONLYUSEDPRAGMASACOMPLETELISTOFALLSQLITEPRAGMASCANBEFOUNDINAPPENDIXATHECONNECTIONCACHESIZETHECACHESIZEPRAGMASCONTROLHOWMANYDATABASEPAGESASESSIONCANHOLDINMEMORYTOSETTHEDEFAULTCACHESIZEFORTHECURRENTSESSION,YOUUSETHECACHE_SIZEPRAGMASQLITEPRAGMACACHE_SIZECACHE_SIZE2000SQLITEPRAGMACACHE_SIZE10000SQLITEPRAGMACACHE_SIZECACHE_SIZE10000YOUCANPERMANENTLYSETTHECACHESIZEFORALLSESSIONSUSINGTHEDEFAULT_CACHE_SIZEPRAGMATHISSETTINGISSTOREDINTHEDATABASETHISWILLONLYTAKEEFFECTFORSESSIONSCREATEDAFTERTHECHANGE,NOTFORCURRENTLYACTIVESESSIONS30MAIN/TMP/FOODSDB2DB2/TMP/DBSQLITECREATEINDEXFOODS_NAME_TYPE_IDXONFOODSNAME,TYPE_IDSQLITEPRAGMAINDEX_INFOFOODS_NAME_TYPE_IDXSEQNCIDNAME02NAME11TYPE_IDSQLITEPRAGMAINDEX_LISTFOODSSEQNAMEUNIQUE0FOODS_NAME_TYPE_IDX0SQLITEPRAGMATABLE_INFOFOODSCIDNAMETYPENOTNDFLTPK0IDINTEGER011TYPE_IDINTEGER002NAMETEXT00SYNCHRONOUSWRITESNORMALLY,SQLITECOMMITSALLCHANGESTODISKATCRITICALMOMENTSTOENSURETRANSACTIONDURABILITYHOWEVER,ITISPOSSIBLETOTURNTHISOFFFORPERFORMANCEGAINSYOUDOTHISWITHTHESYNCHRONOUSPRAGMATHEREARETHREESETTINGSFULL,NORMAL,ANDOFFTHEYAREDEFINEDASFOLLOWSFULLSQLITEWILLPAUSEATCRITICALMOMENTSTOMAKESURETHATDATAHASACTUALLYBEENWRITTENTOTHEDISKSURFACEBEFORECONTINUINGTHISENSURESTHATIFTHEOPERATINGSYSTEMCRASHESORIFTHEREISAPOWERFAILURE,THEDATABASEWILLBEUNCORRUPTEDAFTERREBOOTINGFULLSYNCHRONOUSISVERYSAFE,BUTITISALSOSLOW

簡介：18外文原文ACCESSINGACCESSINGANDANDMANIPULATINGMANIPULATINGORACLEORACLEDATADATATHISCHAPTERDESCRIBESDATAACCESSINORACLESQLFORMATS,ASOPPOSEDTOSTANDARDJAVAFORMATSASDESCRIBEDINTHEPREVIOUSCHAPTER,THEORACLESQLFORMATSAREAKEYFACTOROFTHEORACLEJDBCEXTENSIONS,OFFERINGSIGNIFICANTADVANTAGESINEFFICIENCYANDPRECISIONINMANIPULATINGSQLDATAUSINGORACLESQLFORMATSINVOLVESCASTINGYOURRESULTSETSANDSTATEMENTSTOORACLERESULTSET,ORACLESTATEMENT,ORACLEPREPAREDSTATEMENT,ANDORACLECALLABLESTATEMENTOBJECTS,ASAPPROPRIATE,ANDUSINGTHEGETORACLEOBJECT,SETORACLEOBJECT,GETXXX,ANDSETXXXMETHODSOFTHESECLASSESWHEREXXXCORRESPONDSTOTHETYPESINTHEORACLESQLPACKAGETHISCHAPTERCOVERSTHEFOLLOWINGTOPICSDATACONVERSIONCONSIDERATIONSRESULTSETANDSTATEMENTEXTENSIONSCOMPARISONOFORACLEGETANDSETMETHODSTOSTANDARDJDBCUSINGRESULTSETMETADATAEXTENSIONSDATACONVERSIONCONSIDERATIONSWHENJDBCPROGRAMSRETRIEVESQLDATAINTOJAVA,YOUCANUSESTANDARDJAVATYPES,ORYOUCANUSETYPESOFTHEORACLESQLPACKAGETHECLASSESINTHISPACKAGESIMPLYWRAPTHERAWSQLDATASTANDARDTYPESVERSUSORACLETYPESINPROCESSINGSPEEDANDEFFORT,THEORACLESQLCLASSESPROVIDETHEMOSTEFFICIENTWAYOFREPRESENTINGSQLDATATHESECLASSESSTORETHEUSUALREPRESENTATIONSOFSQLDATAASBYTEARRAYSTHEYDONOTREFORMATTHEDATAORPERFORMANYCHARACTERSETCONVERSIONSASIDEFROMTHEUSUALNETWORKCONVERSIONSONITTHEDATAREMAINSINSQLFORMAT,ANDTHEREFORENOINFORMATIONISLOSTFORSQLPRIMITIVETYPESSUCHASNUMBER,ANDCHAR,THEORACLESQLCLASSESSIMPLYWRAPTHESQLDATAFORSQLSTRUCTUREDTYPESSUCHASOBJECTSANDARRAYS,THECLASSESPROVIDEADDITIONALINFORMATIONSUCHASCONVERSIONMETHODSANDSTRUCTUREDETAILSIFYOUAREMOVINGDATAWITHINTHEDATABASE,THENYOUWILLPROBABLYWANTTOKEEPYOURDATAINORACLESQLFORMATIFYOUAREDISPLAYINGTHEDATAORPERFORMING18JAVASQLCALLABLESTATEMENTIFYOUWANTTOAPPLYONLYSTANDARDJDBCMETHODSTOTHEOBJECT,THENKEEPITASACALLABLESTATEMENTTYPEHOWEVER,IFYOUWANTTOUSETHEORACLEEXTENSIONSONTHEOBJECT,YOUMUSTCASTITTOANORACLECALLABLESTATEMENTTYPEALTHOUGHTHETYPEBYWHICHTHEJAVACOMPILERWILLIDENTIFYTHEOBJECTISCHANGED,THEOBJECTITSELFISUNCHANGEDYOUUSETHESTANDARDJDBCJAVASQLCONNECTIONPREPARESTATEMENTMETHODTOCREATEAPREPAREDSTATEMENTOBJECTIFYOUWANTTOAPPLYONLYSTANDARDJDBCMETHODSTOTHEOBJECT,KEEPITASAPREPAREDSTATEMENTTYPEHOWEVER,IFYOUWANTTOUSETHEORACLEEXTENSIONSONTHEOBJECT,YOUMUSTCASTITTOANORACLEPREPAREDSTATEMENTTYPEWHILETHETYPEBYWHICHTHEJAVACOMPILERWILLIDENTIFYTHEOBJECTISCHANGED,THEOBJECTITSELFISUNCHANGEDKEYEXTENSIONSTOTHERESULTSETANDSTATEMENTCLASSESINCLUDEGETORACLEOBJECTANDSETORACLEOBJECTMETHODSTHATYOUCANUSETOACCESSANDMANIPULATEDATAINORACLESQLFORMATS,INSTEADOFSTANDARDJAVAFORMATSFORMOREINFORMATION,SEETHENEXTSECTION“COMPARISONOFORACLEGETANDSETMETHODSTOSTANDARDJDBC“COMPARISONOFORACLEGETANDSETMETHODSTOSTANDARDJDBCTHISSECTIONDESCRIBESGETANDSETMETHODS,PARTICULARLYTHEJDBCSTANDARDGETOBJECTANDSETOBJECTMETHODSANDTHEORACLESPECIFICGETORACLEOBJECTANDSETORACLEOBJECTMETHODS,ANDHOWTOACCESSDATAINORACLESQLFORMATCOMPAREDWITHJAVAFORMATALTHOUGHTHEREARESPECIFICGETXXXMETHODSFORALLTHEORACLESQLTYPESASDESCRIBEDIN“OTHERGETXXXMETHODS“ONPAGE77,YOUCANUSETHEGENERALGETMETHODSFORCONVENIENCEORSIMPLICITY,ORIFYOUARENOTCERTAININADVANCEWHATTYPEOFDATAYOUWILLRECEIVESTANDARDGETOBJECTMETHODTHESTANDARDJDBCGETOBJECTMETHODOFARESULTSETORCALLABLESTATEMENTRETURNSDATAINTOAJAVALANGOBJECTOBJECTTHEFORMATOFTHEDATARETURNEDISBASEDONITSORIGINALTYPE,ASFOLLOWSFORSQLDATATYPESTHATARENOTORACLESPECIFIC,GETOBJECTRETURNSTHEDEFAULTJAVATYPECORRESPONDINGTOTHECOLUMNSSQLTYPE,FOLLOWINGTHEMAPPINGSPECIFIEDINTHEJDBCSPECIFICATIONFORORACLESPECIFICDATATYPESSUCHASROWID,DISCUSSEDIN“ORACLEROWID

簡介：外文原文CHAPTER7USINGCUSTOMTAGLIBRARIESANDTHEJSPSTANDARDTAGLIBRARYSOFARWEVECOVEREDTHEJSPBASICSTHEPRIMARYPARTSOFAPAGEANDINSTALLATIONANDEXECUTIONOFAPAGEANDHOWTOUSEBEANSTODYNAMICALLYADDCONTENTTOAPAGEBEFOREWESTARTWORKINGONREALAPPLICATIONS,LETSTURNTOANOTHERFUNDAMENTALJSPFEATURECUSTOMTAGLIBRARIESCUSTOMTAGLIBRARIESARE,INMYOPINION,WHATMAKEJSPSOPOWERFULTHEYMAKEITPOSSIBLEFORPAGEAUTHORSTOEMBEDPRETTYMUCHANYLOGICINAPAGEUSINGFAMILIAR,HTMLLIKEELEMENTSINTHISCHAPTER,WETAKEACLOSELOOKATWHATACUSTOMTAGLIBRARYIS,HOWTOINSTALLANDUSEIT,ANDWHATTHEJSPSTANDARDTAGLIBRARYJSTLBRINGSTOTHETABLE71WHATISACUSTOMTAGLIBRARYTHEJSPSTANDARDACTIONS,SUCHASTHEANDACTIONSUSEDINCHAPTER6,AREHTMLLIKEELEMENTSFORCOMMONLYNEEDEDFUNCTIONSINAJSPPAGECREATINGBEANS,ACCESSINGBEANPROPERTIES,ANDINVOKINGOTHERJSPPAGESBUTTHERESALOTMOREYOUWANTTODOTHATISNTCOVEREDBYTHESTANDARDACTIONSTOEXTENDTHESETOFACTIONELEMENTSAPAGEAUTHORCANUSEINTHESAMEFAMILIARWAY,NEWACTIONSCANBEDEVELOPED,EITHERBYAPROGRAMMERASJAVACLASSESORBYAPAGEAUTHORASTAGFILESASPECIALKINDOFJSPFILEINEITHERCASE,THESEACTIONSARECALLEDCUSTOMACTIONSACUSTOMACTIONCANDOPRETTYMUCHANYTHINGITHASACCESSTOALLINFORMATIONABOUTTHEREQUEST,ITCANADDCONTENTTOTHERESPONSEBODYASWELLASSETRESPONSEHEADERS,ANDITCANUSEANYJAVAAPITOACCESSEXTERNALRESOURCESSUCHASDATABASES,LDAPSERVERS,ORMAILSERVERSTHEWAYTHEJSPCONTAINERINTERACTSWITHACUSTOMACTIONALSOMAKESITPOSSIBLEFORACUSTOMACTIONTOCONDITIONALLYPROCESSITSBODYANDTOABORTTHEPROCESSINGOFTHERESTOFTHEPAGECUSTOMACTIONSCANBECREATEDFORAPPLICATIONSPECIFICFUNCTIONSTOMAKEITEASIERFORPAGEAUTHORSTODEVELOPTHEJSPPAGESSOMETYPICALEXAMPLESARESHOWNLATERINTHISBOOKNEWMIXEDMESSAGEBEAN//ATTRIBUTESPRIVATESTRINGCATEGORYPUBLICVOIDSETCATEGORYSTRINGCATEGORY{THISCATEGORYCATEGORY}PUBLICVOIDDOTAGTHROWSIOEXCEPTION{MMBSETCATEGORYCATEGORYJSPWRITEROUTGETJSPCONTEXTGETOUTOUTPRINTLNMMBGETMESSAGE}}FOREACHATTRIBUTESUPPORTEDBYTHECUSTOMACTION,THETAGHANDLERMUSTIMPLEMENTABEANSTYLESETTERMETHOD,SUCHASTHESETCATEGORYMETHODINTHISEXAMPLETHECONTAINERCALLSMETHODSDEFINEDBYTHESIMPLETAGINTERFACE,SUCHASTHEDOTAGMETHOD,TOLETTHETAGHANDLERDOITSTHINGSOWHYISITCALLEDACUSTOMTAGLIBRARYIFITSACOLLECTIONOFCUSTOMACTIONSUSINGFORMALXMLTERMINOLOGY,ONEORMORETAGSEG,ANOPENINGTAGANDACLOSINGTAGREPRESENTONEELEMENTTHECOMBINATIONOFTHETAGSANDPOSSIBLYABODY,BUTTHEWORD“TAG“IS

簡介：1外文原文THEDESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTOFTHESTUDENTSINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMASINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYADVANCES,VARIOUSMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSHAVEEMERGEDTOCHANGETHEDAILYLIVESOFTHEMORECOHERENT,TOTHEEXTENTPOSSIBLE,THEUSEOFNETWORKRESOURCESCANBESIGNIFICANTLYREASONABLEREDUCTIONOFMANUALMANAGEMENTINCONVENIENCEANDWASTEOFTIMEACCELERATINGTHEMODERNIZATIONOFTHE21STCENTURY,THECONTINUOUSIMPROVEMENTOFTHESCIENTIFICANDCULTURALLEVELS,THERAPIDGROWTHOFTHENUMBEROFSTUDENTSWILLINEVITABLYINCREASETHEPRESSUREINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSTUDENTS,THEINEFFICIENTMANUALRETRIEVALCOMPLETELYINCOMPATIBLEWITHTHECOMMUNITY\SNEEDSTHESTUDENTINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMISANINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTONEKINDWITHINSYSTEM,CURRENTLYINFORMATIONTECHNIQUECONTINUOUSLYOFDEVELOPMENT,THENETWORKTECHNIQUEHASALREADYBEENAPPLIEDINUSEXTENSIVELYNEARBYOFEVERYTRADE,THEREISTHENETWORKTECHNICALDEVELOPMENT,EACHHIGHSCHOOLSALLMAKEUSEOFACALCULATORTOMANAGETODOTOLEARN,THESCHOOLISOPERATEDBYHANDICRAFTBEFOREOFTHEWHOLETEDIOUSAFFAIRSALLGOTFASTANDSOLVEHIGHEFFICIENCILY,ESPECIALLYSTUDENTRESULTMANAGEMENTTHESYSTEMHADINTHESCHOOLVERYBIGFUNCTION,ALLCANBEMORECONVENIENT,FASTFORTHESTUDENTANDTHETEACHERCOMINGSAYINGANDUNDERSTANDACCURATELYWITHMANAGEMENTEVERYONENOODLESINFORMATIONABSTRACTITISAVERYHEAVYANDBALDNESSJOBOFMANAGINGABULKYDATABASEBYMANPOWERTHEDISADVANTAGE,SUCHASGREATCAPACITYOFWORK,LOWEFFICIENCYANDLONGPERIOD,EXISTINDATAINPUTTING,DEMANDINGANDMODIFICATIONSOTHECOMPUTERMANAGEMENTSYSTEMWILLBRINGUSAQUITECHANGEBECAUSETHEREARESOMANYSTUDENTSINTHESCHOOL,THEDATAOFSTUDENTSINFORMATIONISHUGE,ITMAKESTHEMANAGEMENTOFTHEINFORMATIONBECOMEACOMPLICATEDANDTEDIOUSWORKTHISSYSTEMAIMSATTHESCHOOL,PASSINGBYPRACTICALLYOFDEMANDANALYSIS,ADOPTMIGHTYVB60TODEVELOPTHESTUDENTINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMTHEWHOLESYSTEMDESIGNPROCESSFOLLOWTHEPRINCIPLEOFSIMPLEOPERATION,BEAUTIFULANDVIVIDINTERFACEANDPRACTICALREQUESTTHESTUDENTINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMINCLUDINGTHEFUNCTIONOFSYSTEMMANAGEMENT,BASICINFORMATIONMANAGEMENT,STUDYMANAGEMENT,PRIZEAND3SYSTEMSANALYSISANDDESIGNSYSTEMSWORKINGUNDERCONTROLOFASTOREDPROGRAM,ACOMPUTERPROCESSESDATAINTOINFORMATIONTHINKABOUTTHATDEFINITIONFORAMINUTEANYGIVENCOMPUTERAPPLICATIONINVOLVESATLEASTTHREECOMPONENTSHARDWARE,SOFTWARE,ANDDATAMERELYWRITINGAPROGRAMISN’TENOUGH,BECAUSETHEPROGRAMISBUTONECOMPONENTISINASYSTEMASYSTEMISAGROUPOFCOMPONENTSTHATWORKTOGETHERTOACCOMPLISHANOBJECTIVEFOREXAMPLE,CONSIDERAPAYROLLSYSTEMITSOBJECTIVEISPAYINGEMPLOYEESWHATCOMPONENTSAREINVOLVEDEACHDAY,EMPLOYEESRECORDTHEIRHOURSWORKEDONTIMECARDSATTHEENDOFEACHWEEK,THETIMECARDSARECOLLECTEDANDDELIVEREDTOTHECOMPUTERCENTER,WHERETHEYAREREADINTOAPAYROLLPROGRAMASITRUNS,THEPROGRAMACCESSESDATAFILESFINALLY,THEPAYCHECKSAREPRINTEDANDDISTRIBUTEDFORTHESYSTEMTOWORK,PEOPLE,PROCEDURES,INPUTANDOUTPUTMEDIA,FILES,HARDWARE,ANDSOFTWAREMUSTBECAREFULLYCOORDINATEDNOTETHATTHEPROGRAMISBUTONECOMPONENTINASYSTEMSYSTEMSANALYSISCOMPUTERBASEDSYSTEMSAREDEVELOPEDBECAUSEPEOPLENEEDINFORMATIONTHOSEPEOPLE,CALLEDUSERS,GENERALLYKNOWWHATISREQUIRED,BUTMAYLACKTHEEXPERTISETOOBTAINITTECHNICALPROFESSIONALS,SUCHASPROGRAMMERS,HAVETHEEXPERTISE,BUTMAYLACKTRAININGINTHEUSER’SFIELDTOCOMPLICATEMATTERS,USERSANDPROGRAMMERSOFTENSEEMTOSPEAKDIFFERENTLANGUAGES,LEADINGTOCOMMUNICATIONPROBLEMSASYSTEMSANALYSTISAPROFESSIONALWHOTRANSLATESUSERNEEDSINTOTECHNICALTERMS,THUSSERVINGASABRIDGEBETWEENUSERSANDTECHNICALPROFESSIONALSLIKEANENGINEERORANARCHITECT,ASYSTEMSANALYSTSOLVESPROBLEMSBYCOMBININGSOLIDTECHNICALSKILLSWITHINSIGHT,IMAGINATION,ANDATOUCHOFARTGENERALLY,THEANALYSTFOLLOWSAWELLDEFINED,METHODICALPROCESSTHATINCLUDESATLEASTTHEFOLLOWINGSTEPSPROBLEMDEFINITIONANALYSISDESIGNIMPLEMENTATIONMAINTENANCEATTHEENDOFEACHSTEP,RESULTSAREDOCUMENTEDANDSHAREDWITHBOTHTHEUSERANDTHEPROGRAMMERSTHEIDEAISTOCATCHANDCORRECTERRORSANDMISUNDERSTANDINGSASEARLYAS

簡介：外文原文THEJAVAABSTRACTWINDOWINGTOOLKITFORTHEPASTFIVEDAYSYOU’VECONCENTRATEDONCREATINGAPPLETSTHATDOVERYSIMPLETHINGSDISPLAYTEXT,PLAYANANIMATIONORASOUND,ORENABLEVERYBASICINTERACTIONSWITHTHEUSERONCEYOUGETPASTTHATPOINT,HOWEVER,YOUMAYWANTTOSTARTCREATINGMORECOMPLEXAPPLETSTHATBEHAVELIKEREALAPPLICATIONS,EMBEDDEDINAWEBPAGEAPPLETSTHATSTARTTOLOOKLIKEREALGUIAPPLICATIONSWITHBUTTONS,MENUS,TEXTFIELDSANDOTHERELEMENTSOFAREALAPPLICATIONIT’STHISSORTOFREALWORKINJAVAAPPLETSANDAPPLICATIONSTHATJAVA’SABSTRACTWINDOWINGTOOLKIT,ORAWT,WASDESIGNEDFORYOU’VEACTUALLYBEENUSINGTHEAWTALLALONG,ASYOUMIGHTHAVEGUESSEDFROMTHECLASSESYOU’VEBEENIMPORTINGTHEAPPLETCLASSANDMOSTOFTHECLASSESYOU’VEBEENUSINGTHISWEEKAREALLINTEGRALPARTSOFTHEAWTINFACT,THEHOTJAVABROWSERISALSOWRITTENINJAVAANDUSESTHEAWTASWELLTHEAWTPROVIDESTHEFOLLOWING口AFULLSETOFUIWIDGETSANDOTHERCOMPONENTS,INCLUDINGWINDOWS,MENUS,BUTTONS,CHECKBOXES,TEXTFIELDS,SCROLLBARS,ANDSCROLLINGLISTS口SUPPORTFORUI“CONTAINERS,”WHICHCANCONTAINOTHEREMBEDDEDCONTAINERSORUIWIDGETS口ANEVENTSYSTEMFORMANAGINGSYSTEMANDUSEREVENTSBETWEENANDAMONGPARTSOFTHEAWT口MECHANISMSFORLAYINGOUTCOMPONENTSINAWAYTHATENABLESPLATFORMINDEPENDENTUIDESIGNTODAY,YOU’LLLEARNABOUTHOWTOUSEALLTHESETHINGSINYOURJAVAAPPLETSTOMORROW,YOU’LLLEARNABOUTCREATINGWINDOWS,MENUS,ANDDIALOGS,WHICHENABLEYOUTOPOPUPSEPARATEWINDOWSFROMTHEBROWSERWINDOWINADDITION,YOUCANUSETHEAWTINSTANDALONEAPPLICATIONS,SOEVERYTHINGYOU’VELEARNEDSOFARTHISWEEKCANSTILLBEUSEDIFYOUFINDTHEFRAMEWORKOFTHEWEBBROWSERTOOLIMITING,YOUCANTAKEYOURAWTBACKGROUNDANDSTARTWRITINGFULLFLEDGEDJAVAAPPLICATIONSTODAY,HOWEVER,YOU’LLCONTINUEFOCUSINGONAPPLETSNOTETHISISBYFARTHEMOSTCOMPLEXLESSONSOFARTHERE’SALOTTOCOVERANDALOTOFCODETOGOTHROUGHTODAY,SOIFITSTARTSBECOMINGOVERWHELMING,YOUMIGHTWANTTOTAKETWODAYSORMOREFORTHISONEANAWTOVERVIEWTHEBASICIDEABEHINDTHEAWTISTHATAJAVAWINDOWISASETOFNESTEDCOMPONENTS,STARTINGFROMTHEOUTERMOSTWINDOWALLTHEWAYDOWNTOTHESMALLESTUICOMPONENTCOMPONENTSCANCLASSHIERARCHYTHATMAKESUPTHEMAINCLASSESINTHEAWTTHEROOTOFMOSTOFTHEAWTCOMPONENTSISTHECLASSCOMPONENT,WHICHPROVIDESBASICDISPLAYANDEVENTHANDLINGFEATURESTHECLASSESCONTAINER,CANVAS,TEXTCOMPONENT,ANDMANYOFTHEOTHERUICOMPONENTSINHERITFROMCOMPONENTINHERITINGFROMTHECONTAINERCLASSAREOBJECTSTHATCANCONTAINOTHERAWTCOMPONENTSTHEPANELANDWINDOWCLASSES,INPARTICULARNOTETHATTHEJAVAAPPLETAPPLETCLASS,EVENTHOUGHITLIVESINITSOWNPACKAGE,INHERITSFROMPANEL,SOYOURAPPLETSAREANINTEGRALPARTOFTHEHIERARCHYOFCOMPONENTSINTHEAWTSYSTEMFIGURE132APARTIALAWTCLASSHIERARCHYAGRAPHICALUSERINTERFACEBASEDAPPLICATIONTHATYOUWRITEBYUSINGTHEAWTCANBEASCOMPLEXASYOULIKE,WITHDOZENSOFNESTEDCONTAINERSANDCOMPONENTSINSIDEEACHOTHERAWTWASDESIGNEDSOTHATEACHCOMPONENTCANPLAYITSPARTINTHEOVERALLAWTSYSTEMWITHOUTNEEDINGTODUPLICATEORKEEPTRACKOFTHEBEHAVIOROFOTHERPARTSINTHESYSTEMTHEBASICUSERINTERFACECOMPONENTSTHESIMPLESTFORMOFAWTCOMPONENTISTHEBASICUICOMPONENTYOUCANCREATEANDADDTHESETOYOURAPPLETWITHOUTNEEDINGTOKNOWANYTHINGABOUTCREATINGCONTAINERSORPANELSYOURAPPLET,EVENBEFOREYOUSTARTPAINTINGANDDRAWINGANDHANDLINGEVENTS,ISALREADYANAWTCONTAINERBECAUSEANAPPLETISACONTAINER,YOUCANPUTOTHERAWTCOMPONENTSSUCHASUICOMPONENTSOROTHERCONTAINERSINTOITINTHISSECTION,YOU’LLLEARNABOUTTHEBASICUICOMPONENTSLABELS,BUTTONS,CHECKBOXES,CHOICEMENUS,ANDTEXTFIELDSINEACHCASE,THEPROCEDUREFORCREATINGTHECOMPONENTISTHESAMEYOUFIRSTCREATETHECOMPONENT,ANDTHENADDITTOTHEPANELTHATHOLDSIT,ATWHICHPOINTITISDISPLAYEDONTHESCREENTOADDACOMPONENTTOAPANELSUCHASYOURAPPLET,FOREXAMPLE,USETHEADDMETHODPUBLICVOIDINIT{BUTTONBNEWBUTTON“OK”ADDB}COMPONENTCANVASCONTAINERTEXTCOMPONENTBUTTONPANELTEXTFIELDWINDOWAPPLETDIALOGFRAME

簡介：1外文原文ANINTRODUCTIONTOJAVAPROGRAMMINGWHATISJAVAJAVAISANOBJECTORIENTEDPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGEDEVELOPEDBYSUNMICROSYSTEMS,ACOMPANYBESTKNOWNFORITSHIGHENDUNIXWORKSTATIONSMODELEDAFTERC,THEJAVALANGUAGEWASDESIGNEDTOBESMALL,SIMPLE,ANDPORTABLEACROSSPLATFORMSANDOPERATINGSYSTEMS,BOTHATTHESOURCEANDATTHEBINARYLEVELMOREABOUTTHISLATERJAVAISOFTENMENTIONEDINTHESAMEBREATHASHOTJAVA,AWORLDWIDEWEBBROWSERFROMSUNLIKENETSCAPEORMOSAICSEEFIGURE11WHATMAKESHOTJAVADIFFERENTFROMMOSTOTHERBROWSERSISTHAT,INADDITIONTOALLITSBASICWEBFEATURES,ITCANALSODOWNLOADANDPLAYAPPLETSONTHEREADER’SSYSTEMAPPLETSAPPEARINAWEBPAGEMUCHINTHESAMEWAYASIMAGESDO,BUTUNLIKEIMAGES,APPLETSAREDYNAMICANDINTERACTIVEAPPLETSCANBEUSEDTOCREATEANIMATIONS,FIGURES,ORAREASTHATCANRESPONDTOINPUTFROMTHEREADER,GAMES,OROTHERINTERACTIVEEFFECTSONTHESAMEWEBPAGESAMONGTHETEXTANDGRAPHICSALTHOUGHHOTJAVAWASTHEFIRSTWORLDWIDEWEBBROWSERTOBEABLETOPLAYJAVAAPPLETS,JAVASUPPORTISRAPIDLYBECOMINGAVAILABLEINOTHERBROWSERSNETSCAPE20PROVIDESSUPPORTFORJAVAAPPLETS,ANDOTHERBROWSERDEVELOPERSHAVEALSOANNOUNCEDSUPPORTFORJAVAINFORTHCOMINGPRODUCTSJAVA’SPAST,PRESENT,ANDFUTURETHEJAVALANGUAGEWASDEVELOPEDATSUNMICROSYSTEMSIN1991ASPARTOFARESEARCHPROJECTTODEVELOPSOFTWAREFORCONSUMERELECTRONICSDEVICESTELEVISIONSETS,VCRS,TOASTERS,ANDTHEOTHERSORTSOFMACHINESYOUCANBUYATANYDEPARTMENTSTOREJAVA’SGOALSATTHATTIMEWERETOBESMALL,FAST,EFFICIENT,ANDEASILYPORTABLETOAWIDERANGEOFHARDWAREDEVICESITISTHOSESAMEGOALSTHATMADEJAVAANIDEALLANGUAGEFORDISTRIBUTINGEXECUTABLEPROGRAMSVIATHEWORLDWIDEWEB,ANDALSOAGENERALPURPOSEPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGEFORDEVELOPINGPROGRAMSTHATAREEASILYUSABLEANDPORTABLEACROSSDIFFERENTPLATFORMSTHEJAVALANGUAGEWASUSEDINSEVERALPROJECTSWITHINSUN,BUTDIDNOTGETVERYMUCHCOMMERCIALATTENTIONUNTILITWASPAIREDWITHHOTJAVAHOTJAVAWASWRITTENIN1994INAMATTEROFMONTHS,BOTHASAVEHICLEFORDOWNLOADINGANDRUNNINGAPPLETSANDALSOASANEXAMPLEOFTHESORTOFCOMPLEXAPPLICATIONTHATCANBEWRITTENINJAVAATTHETIMETHISBOOKISBEINGWRITTEN,SUNHASRELEASEDTHEBETAVERSIONOFTHEJAVA3PLATFORMINDEPENDENCEISONEOFTHEMOSTSIGNIFICANTADVANTAGESTHATJAVAHASOVEROTHERPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGES,PARTICULARLYFORSYSTEMSTHATNEEDTOWORKONMANYDIFFERENTPLATFORMSJAVAISPLATFORMINDEPENDENTATBOTHTHESOURCEANDTHEBINARYLEVELNEWTERMPLATFORMINDEPENDENCEISAPROGRAM’SCAPABILITYOFMOVINGEASILYFROMONECOMPUTERSYSTEMTOANOTHERATTHESOURCELEVEL,JAVA’SPRIMITIVEDATATYPESHAVECONSISTENTSIZESACROSSALLDEVELOPMENTPLATFORMSJAVA’SFOUNDATIONCLASSLIBRARIESMAKEITEASYTOWRITECODETHATCANBEMOVEDFROMPLATFORMTOPLATFORMWITHOUTTHENEEDTOREWRITEITTOWORKWITHTHATPLATFORMPLATFORMINDEPENDENCEDOESN’TSTOPATTHESOURCELEVEL,HOWEVERJAVABINARYFILESAREALSOPLATFORMINDEPENDENTANDCANRUNONMULTIPLEPROBLEMSWITHOUTTHENEEDTORECOMPILETHESOURCEHOWDOESTHISWORKJAVABINARYFILESAREACTUALLYINAFORMCALLEDBYTECODESNEWTERMBYTECODESAREASETOFINSTRUCTIONSTHATLOOKSALOTLIKESOMEMACHINECODES,BUTTHATISNOTSPECIFICTOANYONEPROCESSORNORMALLY,WHENYOUCOMPILEAPROGRAMWRITTENINCORINMOSTOTHERLANGUAGES,THECOMPILERTRANSLATESYOURPROGRAMINTOMACHINECODESORPROCESSORINSTRUCTIONSTHOSEINSTRUCTIONSARESPECIFICTOTHEPROCESSORYOURCOMPUTERISRUNNINGSO,FOREXAMPLE,IFYOUCOMPILEYOURCODEONAPENTIUMSYSTEM,THERESULTINGPROGRAMWILLRUNONLYONOTHERPENTIUMSYSTEMSIFYOUWANTTOUSETHESAMEPROGRAMONANOTHERSYSTEM,YOUHAVETOGOBACKTOYOURORIGINALSOURCE,GETACOMPILERFORTHATSYSTEM,ANDRECOMPILEYOURCODEFIGURE12SHOWSTHERESULTOFTHISSYSTEMMULTIPLEEXECUTABLEPROGRAMSFORMULTIPLESYSTEMSTHINGSAREDIFFERENTWHENYOUWRITECODEINJAVATHEJAVADEVELOPMENTENVIRONMENTHASTWOPARTSAJAVACOMPILERANDAJAVAINTERPRETERTHEJAVACOMPILERTAKESYOURJAVAPROGRAMANDINSTEADOFGENERATINGMACHINECODESFROMYOURSOURCEFILES,ITGENERATESBYTECODESJAVAISOBJECTORIENTEDTOSOME,OBJECTORIENTEDPROGRAMMINGOOPTECHNIQUEISMERELYAWAYOFORGANIZINGPROGRAMS,ANDITCANBEACCOMPLISHEDUSINGANYLANGUAGEWORKINGWITHAREALOBJECTORIENTEDLANGUAGEANDPROGRAMMINGENVIRONMENT,HOWEVER,ENABLESYOUTOTAKEFULLADVANTAGEOFOBJECTORIENTEDMETHODOLOGYANDITSCAPABILITIESOFCREATINGFLEXIBLE,MODULARPROGRAMSANDREUSINGCODEMANYOFJAVA’SOBJECTORIENTEDCONCEPTSAREINHERITEDFROMC,THELANGUAGEONWHICHITISBASED,BUTITBORROWSMANYCONCEPTSFROMOTHEROBJECTORIENTEDLANGUAGESASWELLLIKEMOSTOBJECTORIENTEDPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGES,JAVAINCLUDESASETOFCLASSLIBRARIESTHATPROVIDEBASICDATATYPES,SYSTEMINPUTANDOUTPUTCAPABILITIES,ANDOTHERUTILITYFUNCTIONSTHESEBASICCLASSESAREPARTOFTHEJAVADEVELOPMENTKIT,WHICHALSOHASCLASSESTOSUPPORTNETWORKING,COMMONINTERNETPROTOCOLS,ANDUSERINTERFACETOOLKITFUNCTIONSBECAUSETHESECLASSLIBRARIESAREWRITTENIN